9 August 2023

4 minute read

Types of heat pumps

geothermal heat pump system

Switching to a heat pump can make some significant improvements to your home, from reduced energy bills to fewer carbon emissions produced. Heat pumps are the way forward when it comes to a greener home.

If you’re thinking of making the switch but aren’t sure which type of heat pump will suit your home and needs best, keep reading as we’ll explore the most popular heat pump types and their benefits.

What are heat pumps?

Heat pumps are a more environmentally friendly way to heat and cool your home as they use a small amount of energy to extract heat from the air, ground or water, which is then converted by a heat pump to provide heating, cooling and hot water.

Heat pumps have been around for many years but recently gained popularity after energy prices soared across the world.

Types of heat pumps

There are many different types of heat pumps, and the one you choose will depend on factors such as the location, surrounding area and the size of your home. The most common types of heat pumps are:

Air source heat pumps

Air source heat pumps use the thermal energy from the air outside your home to provide heating and hot water. This type of heat pump is the most popular as it can be installed outside the home. Despite using the air, these heat pumps will also operate in colder climates because although the air outside is cooler, there is still enough thermal energy in the air available to heat your home. It is vital to understand the pros and cons of an air source heat pump as well as the costs of a heat pump to decide whether one is right for you.

Aira_Berlin_Install_May24_WebRes-3968.jpg

There are two main types of air source heat pumps:

Air to water heat pumps

Air to water heat pumps, like our Aira Heat Pump, also use the air outside and draw it into the heat pump, which passes through an evaporator and is absorbed by a liquid refrigerant to turn into a gas and hold the energy. This energy then enters a condenser, turning it into a liquid and releasing it into the house’s circuit to warm your home and provide hot water. 

Air to air heat pumps

Air to air heat pumps are another variation of the air source heat pumps that use the air from outside to transfer it to the air inside your home. This is done through a series of fan units and can increase the temperature of the air in each room. Air to air heat pumps are only able to heat or cool your home - they don’t provide hot water like air to water heat pumps do.

Ground source heat pumps

Ground source heat pumps, or geothermal heat pumps as they’re sometimes also known, extract heat from a mixture of water and antifreeze that circulates through pipes buried in the ground, either by a vertical or horizontal loop, to transfer to your home.

As this system needs to go in the ground, you’ll need to have plenty of land for the installation. Once installed, the heat pump is unnoticeable. These heat pumps offer an efficient way of heating the home as the temperature in the ground is constant. However, it is the more expensive option due to the complicated excavation process and underground piping installation.

Water source heat pumps

Water source heat pumps use a system embedded in a water source, such as a lake, river or well, to extract energy. Like ground source heat pumps, this system provides one of the most reliable sources of hot water and heating thanks to the consistent temperature of the water outside and, as water is a very good energy carrier, is highly efficient.

They also are unnoticeable once installed and use a series of pipes to circulate the water, absorbing or rejecting heat, depending on the season and the desired indoor temperature.

couple_in_kitchen.jpeg

What heat pump should I choose?

The best choice of heat pump for your home will depend on your specific circumstances, the location, climate and size of your home.

If you're in a moderate to cold climate with no access to a water source, an air source heat pump may be a suitable and cost-effective option and is ideal due to its easier installation process and overall efficiency.

If you're in any climate and have sufficient land space, a ground source heat pump can offer high efficiency and long-term savings, however it is a more complicated installation process and a more expensive option. If you're near a water source and have permission to use it, a water source heat pump can be an efficient choice, but again the installation is more complicated.

It's recommended to consult with a specialist who can assess your home and provide tailored recommendations based on your needs and budget.

At Aira, our air to water heat pump solutions can be specifically designed for your home by one of our experts to bring you the efficiency and ideal heating and cooling system for your needs. All our heat pumps can also be installed and up and running in less than 30 days, so before you know it, your home will be the perfect temperature all year round. If you’re considering replacing your current heating system with a heat pump, find out more today.

What type of house do you live in?
Types of heat pumps FAQs

Keep learning

Similar articles to expand your knowledge

 Planning permission just got easier for heat pumps. What does it mean for you?

Published at May 28, 2025

Carl Robinson

Planning permission just got easier for heat pumps. What does it mean for you?

For some households, outdated planning permission rules have made it hard to switch. But, for thousands of households looking to switch to a heat pump in 2025, those long, unnecessary waits for planning approvals are set to be a thing of the past with changes to the boundary rule as part of the Warm Homes Plan agenda.

Can a heat pump replace a boiler?

Published at Feb 5, 2025

Regina Onorato

Can a heat pump replace a boiler?

With rising the cost of living and climate concerns, you may be considering a heat pump as a sustainable alternative to a boiler. Unlike boilers that burn fuel, heat pumps transfer heat, providing space and water heating with greater energy efficiency.

Are heat pumps energy efficient heaters?

Published at Jan 24, 2025

Regina Onorato

Are heat pumps energy efficient heaters?

Heat pumps are a highly efficient and eco-friendly heating and cooling solution, offering significant energy savings and a reduced carbon footprint. Unlike traditional systems that generate heat, heat pumps transfer it, achieving efficiency rates over 400%. This efficiency is amplified when powered by renewable energy sources, making heat pumps ideal for homeowners looking to reduce their environmental impact and save substantially on their energy bills.

What is the best refrigerant for a heat pump?

Published at Jan 24, 2025

Regina Onorato

What is the best refrigerant for a heat pump?

Heat pumps are an efficient way to heat your home. However, the refrigerant inside your heat pump significantly affects its performance and environmental impact. Refrigerants are the unsung heroes, enabling heat pumps to efficiently transfer heat by cycling through evaporation, compression, condensation, and expansion. Choosing a heat pump with the right refrigerant enhances its efficiency and reduces your carbon footprint.

Do heat pumps use refrigerant?

Published at Jan 24, 2025

Regina Onorato

Do heat pumps use refrigerant?

Refrigerant is at the core of heat pump functionality; it is the vital substance that facilitates the heat transfer process that makes heat pumps so efficient. By understanding refrigerants and their role in heat pumps, you can make more informed and sustainable energy choices.

Can a heat pump improve my home’s efficiency?

Published at Dec 27, 2024

Regina Onorato

Can a heat pump improve my home’s efficiency?

As the cost of living rises and environmental concerns grow, improving home energy efficiency is more important than ever. Heat pumps offer an efficient solution for heating and cooling your home, helping lower both utility bills and carbon emissions. Unlike traditional heating systems that produce heat, heat pumps transfer existing heat, making them significantly more efficient.

How much maintenance does an air source heat pump need?

Published at Dec 17, 2024

Regina Onorato

How much maintenance does an air source heat pump need?

Maintaining your air source heat pump is key to maximising its efficiency, extending its lifespan, and avoiding costly repairs. This eco-friendly system draws outdoor air to heat or cool your home, offering sustainable comfort year-round. With regular care, you can ensure peak performance and long-term reliability.

How long does a heat pump take to heat water?

Published at Dec 17, 2024

Regina Onorato

How long does a heat pump take to heat water?

Heat pumps are known for their energy efficiency and are becoming increasingly popular for water and space heating. They work by transferring heat rather than generating it, providing an eco-friendly alternative to traditional systems like boilers. But you may be wondering if you’ll be left waiting a long time for fresh shower water.

When is a heat pump most efficient?

Published at Dec 17, 2024

Regina Onorato

When is a heat pump most efficient?

Heat pumps provide an innovative, efficient way to heat your home by transferring heat instead of generating it. This approach makes them environmentally friendly and cost-effective compared to traditional heating systems. While they are always highly efficient, their performance can fluctuate with outdoor temperatures.

How long does it take to install a heat pump?

Published at Dec 17, 2024

Regina Onorato

How long does it take to install a heat pump?

Upgrading your home’s heating and cooling system with a heat pump is an energy-efficient investment, but how long does installation take? Typically, it lasts 2-5 days, depending on factors like property accessibility, existing ductwork, and electrical requirements. Here’s what influences the timeline and how you can prepare for a smooth process.

What does a heat pump look like?

Published at Nov 28, 2024

Regina Onorato

What does a heat pump look like?

Air source heat pumps offer energy-efficient heating and cooling with sleek units that blend into home designs, providing year-round comfort and savings.

How long does a heat pump last?

Published at Oct 29, 2024

Carl Robinson

How long does a heat pump last?

There are a range of factors that impact how long a heat pump lasts. From the quality of installation to maintenance and general upkeep, let’s get into them.

Do heat pumps consume a lot of power?

Published at Oct 23, 2024

Regina Onorato

Do heat pumps consume a lot of power?

Upgrading to a heat pump is a great choice for energy-efficient and sustainable home heating, but you may be wondering how much power they actually consume. In this article, we’ll walk you through an air source heat pump’s electrical usage and why it can be a a great choice even during the coldest months of the year.

How big do heat pump radiators need to be?

Published at Oct 4, 2024

Carl Robinson

How big do heat pump radiators need to be?

Ensuring your radiators are correctly sized to accommodate a heat pump's lower flow rates is crucial for achieving high efficiency. Here's what you need to know to ensure you choose the right radiators for your heat pump system.

What size heat pump will I need?

Published at Oct 3, 2024

Carl Robinson

What size heat pump will I need?

Selecting the right air source heat pump is essential for maintaining your system’s energy efficiency and a comfortable temperature in your home. Let’s look into how you should size your heat pump.

Do heat pumps work below freezing?

Published at Sep 27, 2024

Regina Onorato

Do heat pumps work below freezing?

When winter sets in, many question whether heat pumps can sufficiently heat homes in freezing temperatures. Modern heat pumps, however, are engineered to perform in cold climates, often operating effectively in sub-freezing conditions. Here's how they work and what to consider when selecting one for your home.

Are heat pumps noisy?

Published at Sep 26, 2024

Regina Onorato

Are heat pumps noisy?

The short answer is no, they are quiet machines. Heat pumps work differently from traditional heating systems like gas boilers, often raising questions about their sound levels. But fear not, we’re here to guide you through the types of noises air source heat pumps produce, how they compare to older systems, and clear up some common myths.

The benefits of combining solar panels and heat pumps

Published at Jul 29, 2024

Carl Robinson

The benefits of combining solar panels and heat pumps

Solar panels and heat pumps are two innovative technologies helping homeowners reduce their energy costs and carbon emissions. But how do they work? And are they a match made in clean energy heaven?

How much does it cost to run an air source heat pump

Published at Jul 29, 2024

Carl Robinson

How much does it cost to run an air source heat pump

In this article, we'll explore the factors that sway the running costs of an air source heat pump, including the heat demand of your property, the efficiency of the pump itself, the insulation level of your home, and the type and size of the pump you choose.

What is an air source heat pump?

Published at Jan 10, 2024

Carl Robinson

What is an air source heat pump?

Air source heat pumps provide a more energy-efficient and cheaper way of heating and cooling your home. But how exactly does an air source heat pump work? How can they be both eco-friendly and cost-effective? And are they the right heating choice for your home?

Do heat pumps work with radiators?

Published at Apr 29, 2024

Carl Robinson

Do heat pumps work with radiators?

During chilly winter days, nothing is more synonymous with British home heating than the classic radiator. But can modern heat pump technology work in tandem with these age-old heat emitters?

Everything you need to know about air source heat pumps in Scotland

Published at Apr 25, 2024

Carl Robinson

Everything you need to know about air source heat pumps in Scotland

By 2045, the government wants all homes in Scotland to have switched to zero-emissions heating systems. As part of this effort, the phase-out of fossil fuel boilers is set to begin in 2028. As a result, more people are considering switching to eco-friendly alternatives, like air source heat pumps.

High temperature heat pumps: what are they and how do they work?

Published at Mar 13, 2024

Carl Robinson

High temperature heat pumps: what are they and how do they work?

When researching which heat pump is right for your home, you may have come across high temperature heat pumps as a viable option to replace your old fossil-fuel-burning boiler. However, before choosing a high temperature heat pump, it’s important to learn about its limitations when compared to a more efficient low temperature heat pump.

Air source heat pumps – pros and cons

Published at Feb 7, 2024

Carl Robinson

Air source heat pumps – pros and cons

Air source heat pumps are one of the most efficient ways to heat your home. By harnessing the free, clean thermal energy in the air outside, they are four times more efficient than a standard gas boiler and can help cut household heating costs by 25%. Before you make the switch from your carbon-hungry boiler, here’s a rundown of the pros and cons associated with air source heat pumps.

The complete pros and cons guide to air source heat pumps

Published at Feb 7, 2024

Carl Robinson

The complete pros and cons guide to air source heat pumps

Air source heat pumps represent a smart and sustainable shift in how we heat our homes. We walk you through the advantages, the challenges, and the practicalities of air source heat pumps, so you can make an informed decision with confidence.

Are microbore pipes compatible with air source heat pumps?

Published at Jan 31, 2024

Carl Robinson

Are microbore pipes compatible with air source heat pumps?

If you’ve been told your home is fitted with microbore pipework while looking to install a shiny new heat pump, you may have found the news a “micro bore”. Read on to learn how you can successfully install an air source heat pump if you have smaller, more fragile microbore pipes.

How does a heat pump work in winter?

Published at Jan 16, 2024

Carl Robinson

How does a heat pump work in winter?

If you’re looking to upgrade your heating system to heat pumps, you’ll no doubt be asking “do heat pumps really work in cold weather?”. The short answer: absolutely. Air to water heat pumps will work in harsh winters, some at temperatures as low as -25 degrees Celsius. Read on to learn how heat pumps work in winter.

UK Boiler Upgrade Scheme gets £1.5bn funding boost to help take more homes off gas

Published at Dec 21, 2023

UK Boiler Upgrade Scheme gets £1.5bn funding boost to help take more homes off gas

The UK’s Boiler Upgrade Scheme (BUS) – which provides homeowners with grants to switch from fossil fuel heating systems to clean energy heat pumps – will receive an extra £1.5bn in funding to support the electrification of residential heating in the UK.

Types of heat pumps

Published at Aug 9, 2023

Carl Robinson

Types of heat pumps

Switching to a heat pump can make some significant improvements to your home, from reduced energy bills to fewer carbon emissions produced. Heat pumps are the way forward when it comes to a greener home. If you’re thinking of making the switch but aren’t sure which type of heat pump will suit your home and needs best, keep reading as we’ll explore the most popular heat pump types and their benefits.

When to replace a boiler?

Published at Aug 4, 2023

Carl Robinson

When to replace a boiler?

If your boiler is nearing the end of its life or you’re looking for a greener, more cost efficient way to heat your home, you might want to think twice before replacing it with another. Find out about other heating solutions.

Solar panels vs heat pump

Published at Aug 4, 2023

Carl Robinson

Solar panels vs heat pump

So, you’re thinking about making the switch from your carbon-producing gas boiler to renewable energy. Should you opt for solar panels or a heat pump? Both are natural, energy-efficient energy sources that are resilient to gas prices. So, what if you used both, for a carbon-free home - read on to find out more.

What is the cost of a boiler replacement?

Published at Jun 16, 2023

Carl Robinson

What is the cost of a boiler replacement?

Getting a new boiler for your home can be a stressful experience especially in an emergency. We explore how long it takes to replace a combi boiler and traditional boiler, the cost of different types of heating systems like heat pumps and what other factors can influence the price to help you better understand the process.

Heat Pump Guide

Published at Jun 16, 2023

Carl Robinson

Heat Pump Guide

Heat pumps have burst into the spotlight in recent years, and for good reason – they’re energy-efficient, money-saving, and are a more eco-friendly alternative to gas central heating. Whether you’ve never heard of heat pumps or you’re aware and been asking ‘How do heat pumps work?’, read on to learn more about the future of home heating.